8 Hillside Brae, Gulberwick, Shetland, ZE2 9FD
Running injuries are common in recreational populations. Injuries can vary depending on definition and the runners assessed. It is expected that 30% of runners will spend time away from the sport due to injury (Walter et’al 1989).
Over the past few decades running shoes have become increasingly stratified and companies often use subjective methods to determine the right shoe for the right foot Table 1illustrates an adaptation of the methods used to provide guidance when selecting a running shoe.
Running shoes are available in a variety of models. Here is an overview, with some advice on the foot types they are best suited for:
A study by Michael Ryan et ‘ al found that current methods for prescribing in shoe pronation control is over simplistic and this can cause injury. The results of this study found the provision of motion control shoes carries a significant risk of pain (or injury) to neutral or pronated foot types.
I think it would be useful to consider what are the other factors which may need to be considered and some of the things you can test which may help you find the solution.
Medical History: It’s important to understand your general health status and information about previous injuries.
Training Programmes: What are your aims and goals? This might be a first attempt at a 10K or your 10th marathon. What terrain will you be running on? Also do you have a fitness trainer or physiotherapist who is supporting you if required.
Foot Mechanics: The foot posture index is important to classify your foot type, but it is also important to determine the resistance levels in the foot (suppination resistance). This provides some understanding of potential forces that will be going through the muscles during running which may increase the risk of injury. Consult a podiatrist who will be able to assess you in non-weight-bearing, weight-bearing and during movement (walking and running).
Orthotics: Do you currently wear orthotics? If so why were they prescribed and what were the outcomes following supply?
Previous Running Shoes: What shoes have you previously used? Did they work for you and do you have any hunches why? Are there any additional features:
See Appendix I for some useful tips on finding the right shoe when fitting.
In summary running performance can be influenced by a number of factors. There are lots of variables which may improve performance or increase your risk of injury. The steps above are important for any runner to consider and re-visit as you progress through your sport. Seek advice from the appropriate professionals to support you achieving your aims.
For more information contact bruce@podiatryshetland.co.uk
Ryan, Michael; Valiant, G; McDonald, K; Taunton, J; The effect of three different levels of footwear stability on pain outcomes in women runners: a randomised control trial; BMJ, Nov 22, 2017.
Walter, SD; Hart, LE; McIntosh JM; The Ontario cohort study of running related injuries; Arch Interim Med, 1989, 149, 2561-4.
Adapted from the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons
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